FINANÇAS PARA CASAIS II
INTRODUÇÃO
Em todas as leituras que fazemos a respeito deste assunto, encontramos palavras como orçamento, controle de gastos, planejamento e outras afins. Isto é perfeitamente correto, pois não existe a menor condição de termos uma vida financeira saudável deixando os tópicos acima de lado.
Entretanto, gostaríamos de enfatizar que existe um outro lado da questão que, na maioria das ocasiões, não é levada em consideração. Trata-se do comportamento que cada um de nós tem quando lida com dinheiro.
O que estamos querendo dizer é que todos os princípios financeiros são muito importantes, e vamos ver em artigos posteriores, mas não podemos esquecer de alguns itens, também de suma importância, que dizem respeito à relação que temos com o dinheiro.
RELAÇÃO COM O DINHEIRO – De uma forma quase imperceptível nós temos uma relação com o dinheiro, isto mesmo, nós nos relacionamos com ele, a ponto de até adquirirmos um perfil financeiro/consumo, o que veremos mais a frente, porém, neste momento, gostaria de levantar uma questão que é a insatisfação, quase geral, das pessoas com o seu ganho mensal. Se fizermos uma pesquisa em qualquer grupo e perguntarmos sobre isto, a resposta da grande maioria será a de que não está satisfeito com a sua renda.
Isto nos leva a uma outra situação, de tentarmos levantar, então, de qual seria o ganho ideal e, também, não chegaríamos a nenhuma conclusão , porque o ganho ideal não existe e sabem por que? Porque a grande maioria das pessoas gasta mais do que ganha e isto nos leva a outra pergunta, por que isto acontece?
Vivemos um tempo onde existe uma grande pressão pelo consumismo, aliado a uma grande oferta de crédito. E, neste ponto, cabe uma observação sobre o marketing. Este marketing que tem o poder de transformar coisas totalmente supérfluas em gêneros de primeira necessidade. Um exemplo disto é o telefone celular. Se num grupo de cinqüenta pessoas fizermos a pergunta de quem não tem celular, tenho a plena convicção de que poucas pessoas dirão que não possuem. E, com toda a sinceridade, tirando algumas profissões onde, realmente, se faz necessário a sua presença, a grande maioria das pessoas não possuem a necessidade, repito a palavra necessidade, de possuir um. Basta você fazer a seguinte experiência, desligue o seu e fique durante quinze dias com ele desligado. Sabe o que vai acontecer? Nada. Se alguém morrer, você será encontrado. Se o seu chefe precisar falar contigo, ele vai falar. Porém, nos dias de hoje, você dizer para uma pessoa que ela não precisa de um celular será considerado uma blasfêmia, um absurdo.
Outro ponto, é que não basta aquele celular simples, tem de ser aquele com uma série de funções, aquelas que nunca usamos, porém precisamos ter um que faça isto tudo, ou seja, o celular, também, virou símbolo de status . Isto tudo tem o marketing como responsável, e é esta pressão pelo consumo que leva as pessoas a comprar por impulso e, por conseqüência, a gastar mais, sem necessidade.
Já que falamos em gastos, gostaria de fazer uma pequena análise a respeito deste assunto. Existem dois tipos de gastos. Aqueles que são indispensáveis (necessidade), que realmente precisamos fazer para nos mantermos, e aqueles totalmente dispensáveis (sonhos), ou seja, se não fizermos nada acontecerá, aliás acontecerá sim, ficaremos tristes por não fazê-lo.
Entretanto, estes gastos, que chamamos de “ sonhos”, fazem parte do nosso dia a dia. São aquelas coisas que nos dão prazer como ir a um restaurante, ir a um cinema, comprar uma roupa mais bonita. Nada contra a comprarmos coisas que nos dão prazer. O que ocorre, na prática, é que as pessoas se endividam nestas compras.
O que precisamos entender é que os nossos sonhos de consumo, sempre, serão maiores que as nossas possibilidades financeiras, com todas as pessoas acontece o mesmo, isto é, existe um limite, o nosso ganho mensal. Deus quer que usufruamos de todas as coisas, mas não podemos extrapolar a nossa renda, não podemos sair por aí fazendo loucuras, consumindo além de nossas possibilidades.
A grande verdade, o cerne da questão, é que nesta relação com o dinheiro, acabamos construindo um perfil que acaba ditando o nosso dia a dia, e nos levando , ou não, ao endividamento. Isto tudo que dissemos acaba transformando as pessoas, que vão adquirindo hábitos que vão mudando as suas vidas. O que estou querendo dizer é que as pessoas acabam construindo, sem perceber, uma personalidade financeira/consumo, ou seja, uma forma somente dela de agir, no que diz respeito ao dinheiro. Você pode estar pensando que isto é uma bobagem, uma personalidade financeira?
Infelizmente é isto mesmo, é lógico que o termo personalidade financeira poderia ser qualquer outro, porém o importante é nos atermos na questão de que as pessoas agem de forma completamente diferente, uma das outras, no lidar com o dinheiro.
Existem pessoas que tem paixão pelo dinheiro, fazem de tudo para não gastar, meter a mão no bolso, para estas pessoas, é um sofrimento (AVARENTO).
Outras são consumistas compulsivas, para estas o importante é comprar, compram coisas sem a menor necessidade (CONSUMISTA).
Um outro tipo são aquelas pessoas que não controlam o seu saldo bancário. Olham seus extratos de vez em quando. Não gostam de lidar com a parte financeira da sua vida (DISTRAÍDO).
Existem aqueles que não conseguem entender o seu extrato bancário. Não conseguem lidar bem com o dinheiro e não fazem a menor questão de aprender (LEIGOS).
E finalmente, aqueles que querem controlar seus gastos, conferem sempre a sua movimentação bancária, não gostam de surpresas e pensam em economizar (FINANCEIRO).
Algumas pessoas que tratam sobre este assunto dão outros nomes a cada um destes perfis, porém o estes nomes não possuem a menor importância, eles foram dados somente para diferenciar os diferentes comportamentos das pessoas na relação com o dinheiro, o que queríamos deixar bem claro é que temos a plena convicção de que estas personalidades financeiras acabam ditando a forma pela qual as pessoas lidam com as suas finanças, ou seja, uma pessoa que gasta de forma compulsiva jamais conseguirá ficar dentro do seu orçamento se não houver uma mudança em sua vida.
Outro exemplo, uma pessoa que tem paixão pelo dinheiro jamais será feliz, porque viverá escravizada pelo temor de gastar.
E é neste ponto que gostaríamos de enfatizar que, ao longo da vida, estas pessoas podem se encontrar e casar levando para este novo relacionamento estas anomalias que, com certeza, terão influência na relação do casal.
Hoje ficaremos por aqui. No próximo artigo abordaremos os encontros possíveis de cada um destes perfis.
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